Chemical Composition: Mainly sucrose (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁), composed of glucose and fructose. Types: White sugar – refined from sugarcane or sugar beet. Brown sugar – contains molasses, giving it a distinct flavor. Powdered sugar – finely ground sugar, used for baking and icing. Raw sugar – minimally processed, retains more natural minerals. Uses: Sweetening foods and drinks, baking, preserving fruits, fermentation (e.g., alcohol production). Nutritional Info: Provides quick energy (calories) but minimal vitamins or minerals. Health Considerations: Excess consumption can contribute to obesity, diabetes, and dental issues.